The observatory computes SDG 3.8.1 coverage as the unweighted geometric mean across four clinical domains totaling 14 tracer indicators, and evaluates SDG 3.8.2 catastrophic spending at both 10% and 25% of total household consumption alongside WHO's 40% non-food capacity-to-pay threshold.
Aligned with UN Sustainable Development Goal Indicator Metadata (3.8.1 and 3.8.2).
1. SDG 3.8.1 Geometric Mean Specification
Because essential health systems cannot compensate for an empty chronic-disease clinic with high immunization coverage alone, SDG 3.8.1 aggregates four domains using a geometric mean: Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (RMNCH), Infectious Diseases, Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs), and Service Capacity and Access. Any severe deficit in a single domain pulls down the composite score.
SDG 3.8.1 Four-Domain Geometric Mean Preview
Select sub-index scores across the four domains to observe how geometric weighting penalizes single-domain bottlenecks.
Composite SDG 3.8.1 Index: 55.5
Consistent with LMIC transition cohorts; expanding NCD hypertension/diabetes control yields the largest marginal gain.
2. Tracer Indicator Domains & Catastrophic Expenditure Equations
| Indicator Domain | Tracers | Weighting Method | Core Primary Care Input |
|---|---|---|---|
| RMNCH | 4 | Geometric mean (25%) | Antenatal visits, DTP3 immunization, skilled birth care |
| Infectious Diseases | 4 | Geometric mean (25%) | TB treatment, HIV ART, ITN/malaria, basic sanitation |
| Noncommunicable Diseases | 3 | Geometric mean (25%) | Hypertension & diabetes control, tobacco non-use |
| Service Capacity & Access | 3 | Geometric mean (25%) | Hospital beds, health worker density, IHR core score |